His wife Jeanne of Flanders returned to the castle to shelter within its walls and sent an emissary to Edward III to seek an alliance. The two banks were the objects of attack one after the other. A partir du 20 juin 2020, la billetterie à l’entrée du parc est fermée, il faut obligatoirement réserver votre billet en ligne. Hotels near Château de Brest. Condemned to death, she escaped the stake when it was learned she was pregnant. Fermeture du château (hors boutique) et des Grandes Ecuries jusqu'au 7 janvier. Each day, an angel visited the daughter of the prince of Léon to bring her all she needed. The loss of the castle and attempts to retake it sounded the death knell of the county of Léon. The project was made up of, at the end of the rue du château, an oval "place d'armes", planted in trees. The 'burg' expanded and left the castle. Exacerbated by the English exactions, Huntingdon and his troop made them carve a piece. At this era it is possible that the sea coast was simply defended by a ditch and palisade. La salle d’exposition de souvenirs du château de Couterne retrace, à travers plus de 250 objets historiques ou d’usage courant, … Aux Tours du Château, traditionel restaurant in Brest, Finistère, offer a french's grandparents cuisine. Leadership of this project of was put under the direction of M. Jallier de Savault. The war re-erupted in 1403. The drama of the explosion at the abri Sadi-Carnot occurred on the night of 8/9 September. Brest - Musée de la Marine . Thanks so much for your visits and comments. Pendant cette période de la Belle époque, nombreuses étaient les réceptions qui se tenaient au château. The king's lieutenant general was handed over thanks to these relations in the town, at the end of September 1589. Des tentes Inuit, une maison de ferme restaurée et 4 chambres du château vous sont aussi proposées pour vos nuits insolites ! Bretaña Francesa - French Brittany. Le château de Brest au temps d'Anne de Bretagne. Entrée plein tarif : 7€ audioguide inclus. It was strongly defended by 400 Spanish farouches under captain Praxède. Tram : station CHATEAU. 0:31. It was vital for John to capture Brest's castle, to prevent it becoming a refuge for his enemies or a landing-point for his enemies' ally Edward III of England. 742 check-ins. Entrée tarif réduit : 5,50€ (Familles nombreuses, 18-25 ans hors UE, Etudiants de + de 26 ans sur présentation de leur carte, Anciens combattants, Amis du Louvre, Passeport Finistère, et sur présentation d'un billet plein tarif Musée des Beaux-Arts de Brest, Océanopolis et Musée national de la Marine de Port-Louis.) The first stone of it was laid in December 1560 and its construction took 37 years. It is made up of a vast artillery platform and a set of underground casemates whose wide embrasures cover the entrance to the port. The intendant Pierre Chertemps de Seuil was responsible for the initial construction projects on the arsenal between 1670 and 1680. They have been little modified apart from Vauban's alteration to the roof. It was originally built for members of the Barbier family (later titled as Marquis de Kerjean) between the 1540s and 1590s. On 25 August General Ramcke issued the order "I count on every parachutist doing his duty to the utmost with a fanatical zeal. A counter-mine gallery bypasses the foundations of tour du donjon at 15m underground, below the terre-plein. In any event, such poker rooms are treated as a thing of the past, with online poker destinations booming. boulevard de la Marine Château de Brest, 29200, Brest France. In origin it was made up of three main towers linked by curtain walls - to the south, the tour Duchesse Anne, to the north the tour du Donjon, to the west the tour Azénor. Océanopolis a fermé ses portes le 30.10.2020 et ce pour une durée indéterminée. The maritime prefect's residence replaced the signal station on Parc au Duc, which had itself been replaced by a watchtower built at the top of the tour César. Home; Weddings; Accommodation; Leisures. It contained an oratory within the governor's apartments. It stands in front of the south-west facade, to which it is attached by two curtain walls forming a redoubt. She returned Concarnaeu and Brest to Henry VII of England and the new Anglo-Breton alliance led to 22 vessels blockading Brest by sea and a strong army with high-quality artillery besieging it by land. This haven is fed by the river Penfeld from the north, running off the plateaus of Léon. 43 Restaurants within 0.3 miles. The siege of the town lasted 43 days and it finally fell to the Allied force under General Middleton on 18 September. Notably he oversaw the erection at the town's highest point of a monumental statue of Louis. Its guns' field of fire crossed with those of another battery built on the north bank of the Goulet and thus blocked all resupply of Brest by sea. This includes data values and the controlled vocabularies that house them. The castle was adapted for the new weapon of the age - artillery. Since 1955, the castle has also housed collections from the Musée national de la Marine. Patrimoine unique témoignant de la grande aventure navale de l'Arsenal de Brest et de la Marine française. Flanked by the bastion de Sourdéac, with one tower of the keep reinforced, the keep was completed by Vauban from 1683 onwards. However, the English captain Henry Percy ruined the wooden fort and captured the two others. 5. Rue du château. Only the tours Paradis retained the medieval appearance. The tour Azenor and the curtain wall onto which it is built also date to this time. The count of Goëlo believed this calumny and the princess was shut up in the castle's darkest tower. Inside these floors are octagonal rooms, whose plans do not exactly superimpose one floor on the other. St Pol de Léon in Brittany is an historic town known for its religious heritage and the vegetable … Groups rates Adult. Les tarifs de la Marina du Château varient selon la longueur hors-tout du bateau, la période de l'année, la durée de l'escale et le forfait choisi.Tarifs 2020Tarifs 2021Tarifs 2021 manutentions Vous ne pouvez par conséquent réserver vos billets que par carte bancaire. It was in the keep that the dukes of Brittany stayed during their stays in Brest, reached by a third bridge across a ditch and entering via a low-architrave arched gate, showing a lion hold the shield of Brittany. Even welcomed his grandson to his court and raised him to the nobility. Dec 3, 2020 - Dec 4, 2020. The judges, probably bought for gold, condemned her to be placed in a barrel and set adrift at sea. The underground works built by the Germans house the naval command centre for the Atlantic and for the Force océanique stratégique. Some rooms feature a terrace. Château de Kerjean is a 16th-century fortified chateau (manor house) located close to the town of Saint-Vougay, in the Finistère department of Brittany, France.. Brest fell into German hands on 19 June 1940 and the citadel was occupied by their troops, with the tours Paradis once again serving as a prison (this time for those condemned to deportation). Its name originates in the legend of Princess Azenor reported to us by the Dominican Albert Le Grand in his "Lives of the Saints". Concerned for Brest, duchess Anne directed the lord of Kérousy to reinforce it, but the castle opened its gates to the viscount of Rohan (doubtless aided by the treason of the castle's captain). The Admiral of Brittany, John of Penhoat, left Roscoff and concluded the battle by destroying and capturing 40 ships and 2,000 men. Even, lord of Brest, had only one child, named Azenor. Plus millions of rooms from hotels, resorts, apartments and hostels all around the world. À noter de plus que les cartes American Express, les Eurochèques et chèques Culture ne sont pas acceptés. Yoga with DeLene #2 - 45 min - Duration: 45:50. Even heavy-tonnage vessels can berth safely in this vast and substantial area. The rooms have a private bathroom fitted with a bath and a shower cubicle. Brest, France. Pierre Massiac de Sainte-Colombe's project for modernising the defences of the town, arsenal and their surroundings was initiated that year and taken over and transformed by Vauban in May 1683 to 1695. As a reward for the faithful services, on 31 December 1593 the inhabitants of Brest received the rights of bourgeoisie "like the inhabitants of Bordeaux". Le château de Brest. ... 35 Rue du Château, Brest, 29200, France. … Nous continuerons de vous tenir informés et de maintenir le lien avec vous tout au long de … The first floor now houses the main rooms of the port archive, and the upper floor houses an oratory and the library of the French Navy. Well as the gardens, with these controls that the grounds do look it was a cab. Le Château de Brest se trouve justement non loin et vous offrira l'expérience unique de plonger dans l'histoire de France et des grandes familles locales ainsi que l'occasion de prendre de magnifiques photos. As in other fortified towns of the era, the duke built a fortified residence with the aim of making his stays in Brest more pleasant and more secure. De l’époque gallo-romaine, jusqu’à la fortification par Vauban au XVIIe siècle, cette forteresse s’est imposée comme une place militaire de 1 er ordre. She named him Budoc, or 'saved from the waters', and he became a great saint. The constable left the siege under the command of Olivier de Clisson to rejoin the duke of Anjou at the siege of the château de Derval. Cela vous permettra d'avoir de belles vues variées sur la ville de Brest, le port militaire, les bâtiments militaires alentours, etc. The peace-treaty drawn up between France and England by Charles VI and Richard II meant that finally, on 28 March 1397, the Duke of Brittany was given back his lands. Where would you like to stay? After having refused to surrender, General Ramcke left for Crozon with a handful of fanatics, but ended up giving himself up on 23 September. about 7 months ago. In 1405 the castle's old captain, the earl of Huntingdon, burned the fleet of the count of Marche which was anchored in the Penfeld. At Sentout; Around Sentout; Visiting Bordeaux; In the Gironde; See and lakes; Golfing; Availabilities; Prices; Guestbook; Contact; Language: Français; English; Bookings: contact@sentout.fr. Dating to the 3rd century, the tour César was built on the possible remains of a Gallo-Roman tower, and this is one of the possible origins of its name. Tour de la Motte Tanguy (193) 6 min. This delightful Chateau has a romantic history; in 1875 Andre Joseph Courtat built a large and beautiful property on the birthplace of his wife. Charles VIII concretely set his sights on the duchy of Brittany by the capture of Guingamp on 10 January 1489 by the viscount of Rohan and his troops. The seat of the maritime commander had until then been in hôtel Saint-Pierre, since 23 September 1797. 10 Other Attractions within 0.3 miles. In large part interred under the false-wall of the castle or under the carpark, it remains visible at 2-3m high. In 1592, the royal seat of justice was transferred to Saint-Renan. Aux Tours du Château, traditionel restaurant in Brest, Finistère, offer a french's grandparents cuisine. Mac Guigan's (176) 5 min $ French. In 1680, a new battery completed the castle to the south-west to guarantee the defence of the harbour entrance. The Romans erected a defensive work at the end of the 3rd century. François Trazzi. In this era the defences protected the castle effectively against attack from the sea, but the fortress had to defend above all against a landborne attack should an English fleet succeed in disembarking troops on the coast. No fees are added to your stay by booking with us. B - Site Offices and Intendent's Offices, former civil prison (1822–1859), C - Esplanade Barracks, serving the infirmary, backed by the south curtain wall (some remains), D - Plougastel Barracks, built 1591–1624 by Sourdéac (classed as a historic monument in 1923), E - Monsieur Barracks, serving the armoury (1822–1825), G - Armoury, on the site of the lodgings for the site's major and for the king's lieutenant, H - Artillery magazines, built in 1777 and 1624 by Sourdéac (classed as a historic monument in 1923). Abonnez-vous à notre newsletter et suivez-nous sur les réseaux sociaux pour rester informer de l’actualité d’Océanopolis. It would have to be built on the site of the tour César. ...Azenor was rich in form, right for a [martyr's] palm, beautiful like a star, and this external beauty was nothing in comparison with her love. Chateau de Brest - Chateau of Brest . Suite aux annonces gouvernementales, nous sommes dans l’obligation de fermer les portes d’Océanopolis jusqu’au 2 février 2021. The castle was thus built on a rocky outcrop carved out which the river has cut into the cliff at its mouth in the estuary. Château de Gézaincourt. Its ogivale gate was adorned with the French coat-of-arms surrounded by the cordon of Saint-Michel and surmounted by an open fleur-de-lys crown. Brest in Brittany is a port city with a strong military history and is home to Océanopolis, a huge ocean discovery centre that is the only one of its kind in Europe. La rue de Siam, rue principale de Brest, vous permet de découvrir la ville sous un nouvel angle, grâce à ses boutiques élégantes et cafés chic. Château de Brest. Château de Brest. Colonel Don Juan del Aquila disembarked the men and materials needed to build an important fortification. Free … The 1st Division was immortalised at Monte Cassino. With the help of models, characters in period costume and audio-visual exhibits, you can … Lors de la visite du musée, vous aurez l'occasion de vous promener dans et à l'extérieur du château. 0:31. The 15th century was one of great works to adapt to new weapons and developments in defensive works. From Roman coinage found on the site, it appears that the Romans were present there at least by the reign of the emperor Septimius Severus (193–211). They serve as stores and magazines. Le château de Brest est l’élément patrimonial le plus ancien de la ville. Océanopolis Port de Plaisance du Moulin blanc – BP 91039 – 29210 Brest Cedex 1 – Tél. Brest - librairie boutique. On 7 September, the court of peers decided in favour of Charles de Blois's right to the duchy, and at the end of the year John of Montfort was imprisoned in the Louvre. Headed by Jean, duke of Aumont, marshal of France and aided by the English ships and troops, the royal army besieged the fort from mid-October. You … In a few clicks you can easily search, compare and book your hotel by clicking directly through to the hotel or travel agent website. The place du Château was particularly affected by the bombardments of 14 August in preparation for an assault. Wine & Cheese from Valençay given by a local wine-maker: 7,00€ Free visit to Talleyrand’s grave … Create New Account. Accessibilité à Brest. Built in 1597 by Sourdéac, on the site of a ruined (probably Gallo-Roman) tower. The port had no military fleet. Experience staying at a real medieval castle and savor the picturesque, idyllic surroundings of Chateau De Latour. Search and compare hotels near Château de Brest with Skyscanner hotels. Website +33 2 98 22 12 39. Adresse; Boulevard de la Marine 29200 Brest. We ended up parking at the bottom of the hill and walking up to the Chateau - its a short walk and parking was free. This project would, without qualms, have erased 14 centuries of history, but in April 1788 the Comte d'Hector, commander of the French Navy, declared that the project was incompatible with the naval works he envisaged on the Parc-au-Duc site[4] Events, in any case, would have prevented the plan being carried out. Pour la billetterie, Océanopolis n’est pas habilité à prendre des tickets restaurant ou les chèques déjeuner qui par nature sont destinés aux déjeuners professionnels et non pas aux loisirs. In 2018, the Napoleonic imperial barge of 1810 was removed from display in the Paris museum to be restored for return to Brest and display here. Latitude: 48.381256, Longitude: -4.494708. From the Roman castellum to Vauban's citadel, the site has over 1700 years of history, holding right up to the present day its original role as a military fortress and a strategic location of the highest importance. Skyscanner hotels is a fast, free and simple way to organise your stay near Château de Brest. From the Roman castellum to Vauban's citadel, the site has over 1700 years of history, holding right up to the present day its original role as a military fortress and a strategic location of the highest importance. 30 rue neuve (4,875.71 mi) Gézaincourt, France 80600. Manifestation de la puissance des Comtes de Léon jusqu’au milieu du XIVè siècle, enclave anglaise pendant cinquante ans, convoitée par la Bretagne, l’Angleterre, la France, la forteresse du bout de la terre était considérée au Moyen-Age comme le plus fort château du monde. The bells of the castle's chapel to the Trinity rang to welcome her and she descended from her white-framed travelling-litter. En savoir plus. The castle remained unbeaten by the Normans. Le château de Brest en plus d'abriter le musée national de la marine est aussi une magnifique construction qui surplombe le port militaire de Brest. En savoir plus. John V marched on Brest at the head of 2,200 men, and he was joined by the Marshal of Rieux with 700 men at arms and Tanguy du Chatel with his peasants armed with pitchforks. Important works of fortification were begun at the castle throughout the 15th century. One wall and vaulted rooms linked the tour du Midi and the tour du Donjon, and the keep's pepper-pot roofs vanished in favour of vast platforms for powerful artillery pieces. The oldest monument in the town, it is located at the mouth of the river Penfeld at the heart of the roadstead of Brest, one of the largest roadsteads in the world. 5Fi02118 Place Louis XVI à Brest … Its remarkable position allows a hypothesis that the site held a prehistoric fortification, but the first fort of which evidence remains is from the Roman era. Thus Charles V let Montfort off participating in the war he then launched on Edward III, but Montfort played a double game and passed a treaty on 21 February 1372 to open his lands to English troops even though Duguesclin and Clisson were marching from Brittany against him. Located at the entrance of the Penfeld river, the Port du Château is a very nice and perfectly suited marina to accommodate all navigators profiles. Vous … Avenue Franklin Roosevel, 29200 Brest, Bretagne. The interventions of Vauban were the last major stage in the castle's evolution. Its magnificent roadstead, the Rade de Brest, is 14 miles (23 km) long; it is protected from the sea by the Quélern Peninsula, and the Goulet Passage (about 1–2 miles wide [1.5–3 km]) leads to open water. ⚠️ Conformément aux directives gouvernementales afin de lutter contre la propagation de la Covid-19. The restaurant serves traditional French cuisine in the large classic dining room. Returning to Brittany in 1379, John IV was welcomed by the Breton lords, who nevertheless criticized his pro-English stance. After the Germans' retreat following D-Day, "Fortress Brest" became one of the pockets of German resistance. The 2nd will be immortalised at Brest.". These are now buried under a parking embankment. Les bureaux des ports de plaisance de Brest rouvrent aux horaires habituels du lundi au samedi: 8h30 – 12h30 / 14h00 – 18h00. They counted on help from their Spanish allies, who had been present in Brittany for two years. Le château de Brest. The castle's commanders (the comte de Languevez, 1405 - Éon Phelips, 1407 - Tanguy de Kermorvan, 1424) restored the castle and made it proof against siege engines. As a sign of his sovereignty, Charles VIII ordered that the French coat of arms be placed below the ravelin's gate. Other coastal populations are known in the 6th and 4th centuries BC and the rocky spur was occupied until the end of the Iron Age. Situated in the south of France, close to the award winning bastide village of Lautrec, central to three UNESCO World Heritage sites, Toulouse, Albi and Carcassonne, the tranquil beauty of this ancient home of Barons & Viscounts, belies … It is the only natural port the king has on the ocean sea. Le château de Brest au temps d'Anne de Bretagne. Since the place overlooks and dominates the sea, it controls access to the Penfeld and the lower reaches of the Elorn towards Landerneau, all whilst overlooking a major part of the roadstead and its entrance : the Goulet de Brest. Forgot account? In the spring the Breton lords seized the duchy's principal lands, denouncing their overlord, siding with the French king, rallying around the viscount of Rohan and charging constable Du Guesclin with hunting down the English. Tarifs. Its lower course is winding, with high raised banks that break strong winds. Château de Brest location. Established near the commercial port and military port, this modern and dynamic harbor allows you to explore and enjoy all the charms of a maritime city and one of the most beautiful bay of the world. The collections evacuated during the Second World War were transferred into the tours Paradis in 1958. The Tour du Midi (despite its great hall and oratory with Gothic windows), the lordly kitchens and the vast roads were not enough and so the queen did not remain long in Brest. Within the walls there was little new construction work, barring the chapel to the Trinity where pious queen Anne was received. 5Fi02118 Place Louis XVI à Brest 1779.jpg 1,776 × 2,428; 4.33 MB. Its position off the major trade routes meant that it was not a busy port, but the fortress continued to have major strategic significance, holding around 500 men and with the most important armament in the whole of Brittany (100 firearms, including nearly 50 cannons). 02 98 80 43 47. Bons plans, tarifs réduits, partenariats. To them are to be attributed the gold coinage discovered around Brest, as well as a road predating the Roman presence in the area. The city overall consisted of modest houses, having expanded up to the border of the castle enclosure. 29200 Brest. In return for services rendered, Philip IV of France made John II a peer, but John's death led to a 22-year war of succession in the dukedom. This pedestal, with a statue and fountain inaugurated in 1803, is adorned with three tritons fixed to a column pouring out water into three basins. (Memoirs of Montmartin). AZEA IMMOREC est une entreprise qui s'occupe du recouvrement de créances. sur le site internet du Port de Brest (www.port.cci-brest.fr) à la rubrique « Tarifs ». One of the two earliest burgs was situated beside Recouvrance (right bank) at the foot of what is now called the Tour Tanguy, and the other, larger and more enclosed one in front of the castle (left bank). boulevard de la Marine Château de Brest, 29200, Brest France. ]com. Ses extérieurs avec ses jardins sa cour, ses remparts sont un bouffée d'air pur pour tous (attention c'est toujours venté). Her stepmother's death, during her exile, avowing the truth to Azenor's husband. Arriving at Le Folgoët on 19 August, the end of her pilgrimage, Anne showed a desire to continue to Brest and contemplate the powerful castle that her father Francis II had embellished and modernised and the large nef Marie La Cordelière, one of the largest warships of the era. The Roman province of Armorica thus had to face Saxon raids. Brest - Musée de la Marine . The section of the razed towers at ground level remains visible in the false wall. : 02 98 33 12 50 ... Accueil. … This tower initially formed the castle's tour du logis during the Middle Ages. Bureau du Port; Développement durable; Préparez votre arrivée; Loisirs alentours; Plan de la marina; Services; Tarifs; Photos panoramiques; Découvrir Brest. Their external appearance is characteristically Roman, with brick and stone alternating in "opus mixtum", sometimes arranged in "fish-bone" pattern. Patrimoine unique témoignant de la grande aventure navale de l'Arsenal de Brest et de la Marine française. A buffet breakfast is served daily. Sep 21, 2019 at 10:00 AM – Sep 22, 2019 at 5:30 PM UTC+02. Located in the north-east angle of the enclosure, the keep is actually the former citadel of the medieval closed-town and the heart of the medieval defensive system, forming a small castle on its own isolated from the rest of the site. The Linked Data Service provides access to commonly found standards and vocabularies promulgated by the Library of Congress. The collection of works is topped off by échauguettes placed at its corners, such as figureheads. This camp or castellum housed 1000 men of a troop, headed by a prefect, as well as a fleet designed to intercept pirate ships. The Roadstead of Brest, well-protected by a narrow "goulet" but sufficiently large to allow ships to turn or move, forms a natural harbour. The young married couple set themselves up in a castle built by King Audren (Chatelaudren). La Maison de l'Ocean (1,757) 5 min $$ - $$$ French. Phone : 02 98 80 43 47 . He died at sea returning from the siege of Hennebont in Morbihan in December 1590, and was succeeded by his brother. Around 500 BC, a tribe of merchants and sailors in leather barks known as the Osismii peopled the region. Harassed by the French, Rieux had no choice but to abandon it. Each suites and apartments at the Château de Périgny features high ceilings and traditional decor with ancient furniture. (At the end of the 15th century it had 260 houses, making around 1300 inhabitants.). In 1589, the castle's governor embraced the Catholic League, but Guy de Rieux, captain of the royal army, made him hand Brest over, thus becoming the only Breton city to back Henry IV. This gate with an open door, closed by a "herse", has an ogivale opening. Ports de Brest Located in one of the largest roadsteads in the world with its 180km² stretch of water, Ports de Brest Moulin Blanc and Château marinas offer more than 2000 pontoon moorings among which 260 for visitors only and accessible regardless of the tide. Hosted by. Olivier De Clisson joined him on behalf of Charles VI of France. It was this era which truly gave birth to the town and port of Brest, to the detriment of the castle. The work of an Italian engineer, Pietro Frédance, this trapezoid-plan bastion envelops the keep on its northern side and protects it from landborne attack. Uncertain of Elisabeth's intentions, Sourdéac refused to host an English garrison equal to that of the French and thereby to respect the terms of the treaty signed by the king as a collateral for loans from England. Poker Online has been compared to photographs of softly colored rooms and smoke puffs, which have a table full of serious individuals. It remained a stronghold and thus belonged to the counts of Léon, whilst a town developed at the foot of the Roman enclosure. Several attempted English landings in the mid-16th century on this site solidified the threat of attack against the castle and encouraged the French to build a stronger fortification there. The barrel floated for 5 months. The oldest monument in the town, it is located at the mouth of the river Penfeld at the heart of the roadstead of Brest, one of the largest roadsteads in the world. Historic Sites. Jean Periou, lord of Mesguéant, became captain of Brest castle and Brittany's ships once again anchored below it. - Duration: 0:31. museemarine 3,314 views. le crabe-marteau (1,196) 6 min $$ - $$$ French. The defended entrance was reinforced by a "châtelet", probably consisting of a wooden walkway and towers. 29200 Brest. Ancient Brest was probably the site known to the Romans as Gesoscribate at the termination point of one of the Armorican roads. Passing through it, Anne doubtless saw this symbol, carved in Breton stone 16 years before as a reminder of the castle's submission to France. 10 Other Attractions within 0.3 miles. At the end of August, the queen's imposing court arrived at the castle gates. Brest. The castle became a citadel, overlooking the town, the countryside and their surroundings all at once. The Treaty of Bruges of 27 June 1375 marked an armistice between France and England, and officially handed Brest's castle over to John of Montfort, though the town remained under English protection and Montfort was forced to return to England that September. St Pol de Léon travel guide. However, their large court was used to larger spaces. The queen and her small court marked a path running along a ravine at the foot of which was a fountain and washhouses giving access to a postern which gave onto a forward work entitled "Fer à cheval". This was the last time the castle would be taken by force. The absence of Roman remains inside the castle suggests it was a purely military work and not also a civil oppidum. In June, 5 to 6,000 League troops invested Recouvrance, to try to make the citadel fall.